Research and Practice Conference "Artificial Intelligence in Preventing Legal Risks and Combating Corruption
On April 7 the joint with the Faculty of Law scientific and practical conference "Artificial Intelligence in the prevention of legal risks and anti-corruption" took place. This is the 4th joint conference, which is traditionally held within the XXIII Yasin (April) International Scientific Conference on the problems of development of economy and society.
The moderators were Dina Krylova, Head of the PULAP of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, Associate Professor of the International Law Department of the Law Faculty of the National Research University Higher School of Economics and Timur Sokolov, Head of the Judicial Systems and Criminal Law Department of the Law Faculty of the National Research University Higher School of Economics.
Lev Yakobson, Vice-President of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, addressed the conference participants with opening remarks, recalling the history of the conference. The name "Yasinskaya" is a tribute to Evgeny Grigorievich Yasin, under whose initiative and guidance the conference appeared and successfully developed for more than 20 years. Lev Ilyich noted the importance and relevance of the problem of corruption for the society and emphasized the contribution of PULAP in attracting students and young professionals to the research of this topic.
Vadim Vinogradov, Dean of the Faculty of Law at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, greeted the conference participants and stressed that today legal science is discussing the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence to solve various tasks, from automated creation of GPA projects to solving the issue of banking security. According to Vadim Alexandrovich, in the focus of anti-corruption, artificial intelligence can be applied to analyze large amounts of data for revealing factors of criminal behavior. The speaker also suggested discussing the application of artificial intelligence systems for preventing corruption in the area of procurement.
Igor Cherepanov, Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Association of Lawyers of Russia, began his welcome speech by referring to the National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence, approved by Presidential Decree, which states that "AI systems will soon become the locomotive" for the development of various spheres of state and society. The speaker emphasized that by introducing artificial intelligence systems, it will not only be possible to detect criminal behavior, but also to predict the development of corruption long before it occurs. Artificial intelligence systems will allow to recognize characteristic and widespread corruption offenses with high efficiency.
Dina Krylova, Head of the Laboratory of anticorruption policy, Associate Professor of the International Law Department of the Faculty of Law, presented a report "Artificial Intelligence in preventing legal risks and combating corruption". According to Dina, the main goal of artificial intelligence application is "to create the basis for freeing the state and corporate governing bodies from the individuals susceptible to corruption. Dina demonstrated that implementation of digital technologies in the fight against corruption is necessary in various areas: in the public sector, in control and supervisory activities, as well as in the areas of criminal law pressure on business and corporate compliance. The use of artificial intelligence will help ensure transparency, impartiality and objectivity, which are impossible when working exclusively with people.
Vitaly Belinsky, a desk officer at the Presidential Anti-Corruption Directorate, drew the audience's attention to the fact that artificial intelligence and digital technologies play an important but ambiguous role in the fight against corruption in the sphere of public administration. On the one hand, artificial intelligence makes justice more accessible and transparent. On the other hand, due to the fact that civil servants have recently been required to declare digital assets, new types of corrupt practices are emerging. Vitaly also noted the importance of talent management and preventing persons prone to corrupt practices from entering the civil service, including through digitalization. At the end of his speech Vitaliy Vladimirovich voiced the urgent problem related to the use of artificial intelligence in the fight against corruption - at the moment not everywhere is it possible to apply modern information technology, which is due to poor training and insufficient material and technical support.
Elina Sidorenko, General Director of the "Platform for Entrepreneurs' Applications" ZaBusiness.RF, Director of the Center of Digital Economy and Financial Innovations at the MGIMO of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, noted that to date, artificial intelligence is not at a high level of development and implementation in various areas of life so as to speak with great confidence about its effectiveness. There is a problem of big data. With a large amount of information there is a problem of preservation of personal data.
Alexander Vdovin, Director of the Department of State Policy in Licensing, Control and Supervision, Accreditation and Self-Regulation, Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation spoke about removing administrative barriers to business development and about working with AI in the field of control and supervisory activities. Information systems are actively implemented and used in the collection and analysis of inspection activities. As noted the speaker, with the launch of pre-trial appeal mechanism (according to 248-FZ) decisions on about 30% of complaints are made fully or partially in favor of the applicant. "Previously, about 1-2% of complaints were satisfied," noted the speaker. - At the same time, artificial intelligence makes it possible to identify topics and problems on which complaints are most common."
Tatyana Mineeva, Entrepreneurs' Rights Ombudsman in Moscow, spoke about excessive requirements to entrepreneurs and the prospects of converting existing databases into electronic form. The speaker also touched upon the topic of possible growth of corruption after the introduction of AI and noted that such technologies should be under control.
Alexander Rusetsky, Deputy General Director for Compliance of ANO "Moscow Transport Service Directorate", Director of Scientific and Research Center of Anti-Corruption of RANEPA, touched upon digitalization and automation, but noted that without scientific approach and preliminary detailed elaboration of all issues the initiative cannot be implemented. The main emphasis should be aimed at reducing the risks of AI operation.
Nikita Tuguchev, Head of the Anti-Corruption Policy in the Civil Service and Organizations Department of the Department of Project Activities and State Policy in the Field of State and Municipal Services of the Russian Ministry of Labor, in his speech paid special attention to digital technologies that can be used by the Russian Ministry of Labor. The speaker highlighted the issues of accelerating the implementation of digitalization and artificial intelligence in the field of anti-corruption, based primarily on corruption prevention and processing of information components, taking into account the compliance with the compromises of public interest separation and inadmissibility of intrusion into private life. Also, numerous questions were raised on optimization of databases, convenience of their aggregation, improvement of integration processes and consolidation of digitalization tools.
Timur Sokolov, Head of the Department of Court Systems and Criminal Law, Faculty of Law, National Research University Higher School of Economics, thanked the participants for their interest in the conference and its topics. The speaker proposed the question of limitless possibilities of artificial intelligence in finding, detecting and preventing corruption risks in the sphere of judicial enforcement. According to Timur Viktorovich, with the help of linking technical science with jurisprudence a precedent could be set for creation of algorithm necessary for successful work of AI in processing, systematization and analysis of a large number of legal patterns, in particular, of court decisions in order to identify corruption risks to prevent criminal behavior.
Elena Avakyan, Vice-President of the Federal Chamber of Lawyers, Senior Lecturer at the Law Department of Egorov Puginsky Afanasiev & Partners, National Research University Higher School of Economics, welcomed conference participants and noted that AI is the apex of the processes that can complete the global automation process. Elena Gueorguievna offered for consideration not only the need to complete the process of digitalization in the areas of public administration and, in particular, the digitalization of the judicial system with its many factors directly related to the conflict of interests, but also the question of the post-digitalization emergence of artificial intelligence. Also, an extremely important task associated with the need to find the best approaches to the correctness of the training of AI, in order to prevent the negative impact of automated algorithms to allow the use of judicial decisions for criminal purposes was outlined.
Dosayeva Glera, the chairman of Butyrsky District Court of Moscow, said that AI is an indispensable assistant in the work of the court, confirming her words with examples from real practice. Glera Suleymanova also said that Butyr court is a pilot project where they have started to use artificial intelligence.
Artem Tsirin, Acting Head of the Department of Anti-Corruption Methodology of IZ &SP, Secretary of the Interdisciplinary Council for Coordination of Scientific and Educational Anti-Corruption Activities, talked about the use of artificial intelligence and risk monitoring technologies in the public sector. He emphasized that there are several types of artificial intelligence: weak, strong and super artificial intelligence, and described the essence of each of them in detail, supplementing his own examples with practices of other countries, such as China, Brazil and Indonesia. Artem concluded his speech by saying that the prospects for using artificial intelligence in the public sector are primarily related to expert training, which in the future will help create a working anti-corruption system.
Grigory Roizenzon, Senior Researcher at the Institute for Systems Analysis of the Institute of Systems Analysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, and a member of the Russian IEEE Working Group on "Ethics and Artificial Intelligence", spoke about the importance of standards, without which it is impossible to enter the international market. He also made a conclusion about the reasons of lack of widespread introduction of Artificial Intelligence, offering solutions to this problem.
Gennady Porosenkov, Expert of PULAP of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, Product Manager of MTS Digital, spoke about the problems that Artificial Intelligence solves. He also gave several examples from his practice, talking about AI in anti-corruption expert reviews of normative legal acts and their drafts, which can help solve a number of tasks facing anti-corruption expert reviews. The expert also spoke about a possible basis for training the AI model. In conclusion, Gennady Andreevich shared further plans for the use of artificial intelligence in the prevention of corruption and also shared ideas about cooperation with Vyshka.
Sergey Taut, lawyer, leading expert in Legal GR & Compliance of the Pepeliaev Group law firm, associate professor of the International Law Department of the Faculty of Law at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, made a presentation on the role of artificial intelligence in corporate compliance. AI is now applied in the analysis of a company's legal risks, counterparty reliability checks and internal investigations. It is important to note that internal investigations most often use analytical tools of big data, but not artificial intelligence itself, due to the "patchwork" nature of the proposed solutions. However, in the long term, with a gradual resolution of the problems with the constraints to development, AI has the prospect of becoming a universal means of obtaining high-quality legal documents, because, according to Sergey Vladimirovich, in an era of active digitalization, it is possible to improve the efficiency of legal support for business only by improving the quality of legal tech tools.
Lukyanova Leida, MTS Vice President for Business Ethics and Compliance. MTS is actively following the world of artificial intelligence, but at the same time expects breakthroughs in its development. A significant part of Leila Yevgenievna's report was dedicated to chat-bots as an instrument of prompt assistance to customers and partners, as well as the optimal and most popular model of AI development.
Alexander Smirnov, Vice President for Legal Affairs at Rostelecom. Alexander Rostislavovich spoke about the prevention of internal and external factors of legal risk, from drafting powers of attorney and handling employee requests to the most current international sanctions. One of the tools for managing internal legal risks was especially emphasized: a chat-bot with a rather exotic name "Alfredo. Despite the fact that the development of the chat-bot, according to the vice-president, is at the level of a six-year-old child, Rostelecom is actively developing both its robot system and works with market and government requests, such as the robot "Max", an assistant of the "Gosuslugi" portal. The speaker also stressed that the development of these bots helps a competent system of feedback, which is the only way to "bring up" the artificial intelligence.
Ivan Begtin, Director and co-founder of Information Culture, spoke about data-centric control and compliance. First of all, Ivan talked about anti-corruption control in the world: the role of the state, non-profit projects and commercial products. Presenting key explanations for each item, Ivan Begtin pointed to the link between problems with government cost control and open data for counterparties. "The issue of openness is an issue of trust in government." The speaker explained that in the current global situation businesses are closing, but the state of open data in Russia is high, although there are restrictions on access to it.
Ruslan Dolotov, associate professor of the Department of Court Systems and Criminal Law at the Law Department of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, expert of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, partner at "Feoktistov & Associates", told about an artificial intelligence tool for working with data in criminal matters. It is now possible, for example, to analyze and predict the corrupt behavior of police officers. Thus, the successful experience of using the tool is also observed in the field of judicial proceedings abroad: since 2013 a database of court decisions has been organized in China, in which more than 80 million legal documents have been entered. Ruslan Olegovich also mentioned the "management system 206", auxiliary to the field of judicial technologies. Its functionality includes bringing charges, analysis of compliance with the law and identifying decisions in the case.
Lev Lyalin, Chairman of the Center for Public Procedures "Business Against Corruption" in the Moscow Region, lawyer, voiced the possible risks of using artificial intelligence on the example of a traffic accident. For example, can artificial intelligence exonerate the driver, will artificial intelligence bear responsibility, will the injured be sued by the developers of artificial intelligence.
Aleksey Ryabov, Head of the Expert-Legal Center of the Presidential Commissioner for the Protection of Entrepreneurs' Rights, summed up the meeting with the question "To what extent will artificial intelligence technology be available to the general business community in the future?", noting the structural restructuring it is undergoing at the moment.